|
|
本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
) ?- |7 \4 T* f5 b+ a# a' `" k ]) \
% T. [# P" p! y' i q军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。$ W4 i" p8 {& f; q& H# u: H0 C
" K1 ?4 }& j( u: x军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外: m) [% t0 R) X2 S
# k) ]' Q. L9 \) K% QUnited States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远): z5 @3 T! x& @) B. ]+ x
United States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)- [7 w9 E4 V+ H" C: o
United States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉)
- F9 e" K* w/ U7 [) N- dUnited States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦)( H% s& S- `: E, l+ N/ _2 j. I; b( L
United States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)* {& g6 ?/ V9 |" O) N
/ b; v5 E- U& q3 v/ A高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:
8 k* Y G, k! j7 o& X0 r+ J3 x# j- ?) @
4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放/ Z, |3 q, _- i: w
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)( m. }, I* _$ J: l/ k* }1 G+ \' x
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)) x- b5 E) \2 R( W/ H& p7 `( k3 U
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
) d7 o) l7 J* Z& j8 |+ ?Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
' U& F9 G$ |* ?2 ?" |, C- [) L9 \# ]( {, U6 c. T2 k
1个只收ROTC学生7 D! E0 [6 B( F
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生% X0 z1 `* S+ s$ D
& `9 n1 N6 e, ?, c2 Y3 C6 A" t
1个军民兼收的私立
5 J Z" j& C. d, ]8 U% ~) _* bNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
+ V; Z- M1 Y, i; y; U( z* G" p: i: T. ~' ?, ~3 f8 H T
州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:
+ F# D& d/ Z" R8 j! W7 s' {& S: d8 N+ s; \! E x
California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)! [/ s o+ M- X5 P
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)8 J8 Q6 d- Q- X; x4 O3 U
Maine Maritime Academy
- h- F: b# S7 D; b, q) c7 ]Massachusetts Maritime Academy8 h9 z8 p; _% H* O& g1 {" y
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)* P) c( A. E/ F) F' |
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
; e! Z- n o% u) U0 u8 X; K5 D" L8 b2 K# T' O! Q
军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:
; X! f3 z0 {8 t k
* n2 f% _2 Z$ ^# G. y1 dGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia), n3 m, B( D/ E' f6 E, b/ V5 @
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)2 G) O- d+ c( f
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)' c4 u5 g& \) e7 j& R# N
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)* B: m' O: E9 f6 Y+ N8 K% p! H" Q" z2 o
0 ]9 f. p, ^8 n8 Q* Y& J
还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:& h0 _' h( k1 c9 U
1 t$ R. ~, j) n, S% _Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
( A! @8 ~( i: U: T6 RAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
3 h* n; c( Z+ q6 _. HArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
4 o) j5 S8 q( }: v7 tBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
& |1 \. A* Y! @1 N6 W% u! sCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
9 q- D+ p6 {) Y4 v0 P" }# Q2 B0 z# DChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
' D/ \6 X) w7 Q2 w, p& t8 f8 MCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
9 q5 e; E" p1 L: MFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)! G i5 |1 @! M2 B. x# D
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
& ~( Z( J4 a: w8 h8 m% xFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
# C1 X$ D7 @) ^9 O) xHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)4 f8 P; J/ a+ l
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)2 G7 r; _6 @/ r
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
4 F e0 u8 q) _ h- g6 ]4 PLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)/ p# L$ I) t1 d" D0 K; T6 K" D) M
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
4 V- u: T) _* O# Q kMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)" ?; V; c) g" c& U3 {
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
/ g2 |6 o- v& h) BMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri). H3 Y E# I: e4 r: [
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational). ^1 {- g$ y, I" v, C
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)) t! O! \1 a: H! ?! C c! o
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
1 T0 u7 B- b1 ZRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)# n' j$ N. x* j F
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia); g7 M& S+ P' C3 R' e7 ]9 F* r
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)' N" E. f, d$ w0 m
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
8 y) \# N, {0 N. HSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
A9 m$ D j$ M3 @+ ?3 w7 ^St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
2 t! ^2 V7 i$ H: r$ \St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)! F5 A7 [! ]$ O+ q8 z" E8 P
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)$ q! i {- ~$ j$ T& Z
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)3 F D- E( ~: K; ^: @ O; T9 r+ p, A
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
5 g1 d3 D! k3 |* lValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)' [0 P: i8 l4 c7 Y. s9 f
) Z( h6 z% y, T* R
更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:& X1 O/ }) _' s6 U1 d
1 N8 c6 O$ M/ `& W, W8 u
Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)5 {/ ~. Z7 q* a& X( g0 j
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
7 i" J2 f3 q2 Z& o; @8 g1 k8 MCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)7 L8 R7 ?0 t, w3 B
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)5 M7 ?7 I7 I1 C5 }$ v% x; _- w
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
( z6 D/ @3 t/ S8 }. Q8 c9 K. jDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
- y. n) O5 o3 ^$ V# r3 dFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
- N) f8 j( n: ]& K, Y8 RFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
; j" y0 u' f8 f4 ^, k# s7 S1 rGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
' A8 i" Q4 ?3 i1 c; N. dHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
7 G# H6 {, ?+ V- S) C" s( F6 J/ ^$ UKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
( E6 m5 }1 ?) d& UMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)! `' [; k7 \; D! o/ K# A
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
" n- h5 V5 j1 u FNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
7 k- H, G' E% HNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)# [' q( M, |2 \) G5 e
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)2 k% W: c6 [4 t8 x' }- E
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]" m/ f+ `: f4 O" l
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
6 W& G( |) q; u1 z/ z' K) _9 m6 pRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' `& p* {# | o A; ^Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)% l6 F7 s0 ]- b
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)4 D% P/ x/ X& b) p6 J- n8 b( m
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)* P% d# w. l a
z$ w* o$ M. s3 a3 d在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:
1 {5 V) U( V/ t# p# ^. u, q' L4 V4 t' b3 R6 S( O$ I
United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的
2 g, @4 {. P& g9 g/ j" NUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校" \% B7 k$ Z$ H' l% G' d
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
" D% M) h; f: WNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff c9 `) x+ C( G) [" E; y
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面
% N# d% `6 Y) }7 \. MMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
$ t( V' e2 Z& V* j" K# EAir University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技
! j/ |2 ~ [( | uNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校" O r6 {6 F1 |* A4 v
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
+ ^$ X. e' k$ A: I5 L
" b2 G4 o6 x/ R. {各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。8 O. V$ v: u& I' _1 F
, V1 V5 d& S# f+ a3 q% c8 D$ G& L绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
|