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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
4 c" c$ F |3 I j, Q% }) ~United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
' ~, g3 A: C+ H1 C$ ~( S: gUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）) ~) k; k( n8 N/ j+ z
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）+ N+ \& m m9 f6 p2 M
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）2 w) F2 d ~! p# Q8 `
5 {% A! d% w- g' h9 y. I& v- }高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：, b' S! s- |/ u: j2 p: U$ |, e
8 p! |( S; t/ R/ _6 R3 ?4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放! R" w3 |+ b+ \) g: O# F
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college); K$ e! i/ t1 f' M) c- F3 a
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university); v! e8 f6 j% z3 c1 O8 l5 z9 Y
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
m9 ?) N( w& N& u3 pVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)& x( X1 A: S L
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1个只收ROTC学生8 N4 R( n% A1 i* A3 R6 c
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生* w* n6 i0 Y+ j, A5 v
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1个军民兼收的私立
" [" O3 l7 z0 ~, X) }5 [Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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6 H* E9 i# l$ A4 xCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system), L( D5 d( G6 @" W8 k
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
3 F/ J/ ]8 J& _) DMaine Maritime Academy
7 U) I8 M7 r" ^3 x/ QMassachusetts Maritime Academy
* C) w1 C @$ ?State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
" A8 R3 c8 V9 n3 {Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)# W+ K3 _+ }+ Q1 ^" T5 B3 t
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia) k4 @4 G9 j6 x' |7 V. }7 z5 W, O7 r$ I9 i
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)/ ^" e1 Q6 X }1 L( V4 l$ T
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)' J3 Y; x. X; \( s" P4 C+ Q! g
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)9 A0 u. l3 J/ v! \# b& `" x# \
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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6 ?6 U! `9 X1 W$ X! RAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)3 |9 Q! t. `# u8 C9 b0 G9 v2 E: z
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)5 I6 y, L4 V# I9 d" K% e
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)- O; R+ z0 d/ Z: p: H
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)+ k# o2 u0 m4 q4 @, W
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)# N2 d" n' q& k
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
+ z4 r$ x9 }) G$ K6 r6 R" NCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)8 \* ^% z* t' t5 o
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
0 l' C: j6 \8 y* wFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)4 X# X/ B [* c
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
- S8 ~ d9 v/ h/ s4 P3 |Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
( g2 b4 f# W @4 N1 N8 FHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational) G1 l: H- B" I; a: k" Y2 H2 j
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
5 C, ?# I& @+ wLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)' s! Z( V& O! U
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)4 T4 e7 f5 C. c
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)4 i0 v0 H1 w( ]; Z" g
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
i" L* B. D0 j( n c/ b# fMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)* m1 q7 N* S8 D% S1 O2 ~
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
$ t2 y# T7 R( g( l& A; NNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
% W0 \* q6 N+ G! _1 t, ~( _Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
* O+ Q1 t, E; ?Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)+ y8 i% T! V% d. E( y5 S( u# z1 B
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)5 i7 }3 N/ S( M& U3 r
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)) y! {: a7 l) s8 j8 r6 K; ^. R1 w
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)( d9 v5 u& [) \
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)1 E- ~ U. ~5 m% d! V" ?
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
: n3 \& z' n7 f8 O! J5 T& q+ BSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)% E! b4 y2 w) _* j" ?% v F* v
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)' W6 J [9 D9 n9 \
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)( X6 r$ G- \% j
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]( X5 Y# c0 [. I
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)" Z, x. B( M; C0 R1 s3 ]
' H0 f4 ]" W( L2 W+ [. t/ b更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)% u, [2 u$ C- E6 g N3 D; H# Y
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
$ s$ f0 W, l3 U% a; ~Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
$ J7 ~ R0 F+ k2 U% |' w* k/ KChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
- R( ~( U" p1 q8 F$ d- O$ {Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)# J; M, E# M8 O; F# @
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
* R7 S7 ?/ N$ \% RFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)" i. P0 l* M) j! ?$ `
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3] a" O! _: {1 A& d$ }0 w' I2 K
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
" U" ~2 T4 L# x1 i- t xHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
9 Q* N; V# }# k; W+ {! F9 `' [ \4 wKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]+ r6 Z% A4 s$ T, G% C( w, s
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)8 r) z5 `; `" m J9 h' l
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
! W7 U! B) a5 b3 j# z; h( WNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
* C7 n1 M. [. Q3 @New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana). V- _' @1 A1 Q" z; F
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
- Q* S+ I5 }' l: pPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
# U9 i% C- M, WPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
3 r# }" X) Z5 u5 A3 o0 M zRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)1 C: J0 q/ K3 k! i0 A! G: |* R
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)3 O5 p* V) f. c( J/ z8 h
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)' W. ]" v- P- I
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)( ~) M3 S- ~& h" w+ ?8 H' {
2 d" `, w3 Y$ v( o+ |4 R在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：. R9 T1 t) o r0 Q$ w( H/ y8 J
% k3 T# O3 ?+ {+ ?; _. q1 B1 hUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的5 i2 [" P9 P& U5 B4 u6 p4 Y- ~
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校( a' @9 p/ i( i: r9 G% o
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
4 y/ d) Q* z4 u0 K: e% {) gNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
2 ^$ H3 A9 E# v: c" s9 N: RNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面5 @" j- A+ F0 s) n# a) B/ W9 ]4 s+ M
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
0 r8 E% g! k" oAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技; Q: I- F9 H2 R+ k
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
) f* T& k- Q- [. tMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校) h4 f/ \3 K& j# k! k- w
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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