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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。9 Q/ z: ?& ]! c0 ^
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：0 D) O6 Q5 Y9 z3 h* C/ N! C
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）6 {* G5 F2 R& ]
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）: _. V: Z) V% L. v/ o& S
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）4 s6 X9 T7 P0 _; [0 v4 C
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
1 K7 O, [3 C# Y$ Q" eUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）% ~& q1 Y7 Y( H W; O7 ^
- k! h4 L, r. j Q5 s高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放* Q$ u7 l) O& M w! o. b# W( t- X
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
8 H2 M# Y+ d5 A3 P& J, Q4 x4 rTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
! Y0 U( k! l; _3 OUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
! D3 [0 C* ~, G' tVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)% l' \" m- X, X0 x5 e
4 n* h* p7 F6 r0 I: M1个只收ROTC学生, t# h% A t! N0 H, P
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生8 O/ i0 b; v1 w3 {. Y
# k3 P9 a! S) O$ E1个军民兼收的私立: z6 W! U8 N5 m2 j% x/ A( R
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)0 e$ k0 {$ y1 n' d: h' c r6 v& w: l/ R
- ~* W2 j% H; V8 i9 r州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：% m# `; v' B/ I
+ g5 B8 X, f+ r& U. {1 pCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)" g' M2 O' q, }3 `
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)) t& O& b' h+ n3 G
Maine Maritime Academy! i% g# m6 ~. X4 {
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
, ~$ w# v4 ?$ E( V7 NState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
, V1 c/ F* {0 T* m3 G6 ^/ sTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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" j* n7 E& P' U7 |& m. v- A军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：" A5 j1 S. g) J! f# h/ Z
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
6 O/ }8 S; n8 j. I0 A9 gMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)9 l$ J) d6 O, H7 @1 G3 i
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)6 ]- F2 m9 y8 U8 m0 l3 B9 @* l, `, F
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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9 I* x9 F0 ?" e! d5 N还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
5 ~+ e4 n4 A/ v/ N) [! s' \' K1 PAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
! G' E4 @8 C* O6 m: ~9 XArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
8 o( W' F( S# q1 S, R/ t7 O9 t; uBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)- H! X* m7 z! O6 ]# M0 Z8 k
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)$ a3 b4 c/ O5 k
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
% c2 [/ K7 l- cCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
. G/ ^* x, B1 g5 j' u1 e+ UFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
" y) @5 ?2 h% T/ I# tFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)' u7 R0 [! P+ e3 D2 D% D! X
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)# ?* A# _5 Z6 r5 x
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)+ c+ D: G( u4 [
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)/ a" b7 ?8 }( N. n3 J
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York): M( Q0 O9 _. z" C' m
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)) z& k' S, w3 J+ }+ |2 V7 |9 ~+ P
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
( n: z0 Q! \! k( QMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)' b- A9 g+ ~/ i( `/ {* a& N% O
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
0 U4 ~% R+ M1 p+ P6 yMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
6 F; I7 X, x; c: u6 f- q6 SNew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)% N( v' D8 r+ Z1 q, x3 g y. x
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
2 e5 f! J W9 n) DOak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
4 ]0 F& U% t9 d/ S, `Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational): y* a, M9 r7 H
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)( h2 D" ?0 w/ I1 C! h) z1 n
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
, W$ J, K4 e& z0 E ?3 ISaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
- f) Z+ G& v0 _; Q8 ]1 n' h( dSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)/ U8 m0 H' P1 d1 ~9 R
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
* ^* d E) J2 N% tSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
+ H; l& u, S+ |3 e- bSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)0 D& A5 f' y0 I! ?5 _
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
2 l4 P! g% y, z+ X2 l$ gTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
! g! Y8 ]& @, b% K% I. N Y( oValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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/ A/ ^) g5 B7 S! E更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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$ R* W( q# B7 b0 G( Q/ @2 MAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)$ C2 [( f+ l3 k0 l
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
8 H! g# r, _$ C1 L- x, K9 A: D) U+ nCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% c) y/ t& n X3 [* v4 z- c# d4 _
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
! D/ z0 r, W' j! fCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
, X$ E+ j' r7 W( x zDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)4 W' |. l& W6 A d/ G- w
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)( P2 W" v; B0 @3 s
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]) _: o; H; p* ]5 x
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)* N# S/ K3 z Y( p7 i: q7 N' a0 f
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)* l0 _8 b5 z' t( u( u L, K& }
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
) T6 K8 A/ c: } i) |Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
9 s% C. N" U' F! z$ ?Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)' N7 @: z+ j# T4 w8 j
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
' C$ k5 ^. f* t6 dNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)) @5 C8 ]# ^2 l7 _. Z, O' i; a
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
, q- |5 @$ j( [! ~! G9 jPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
% P/ E, h5 C5 {" r) RPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)" B# [$ j4 W/ [- X1 e; f0 M+ \
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)0 ^( s4 `# v8 l- x$ l6 n" X
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida): h8 \4 E& j. B' N1 ^2 {: y: E
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
' n$ L) i4 V( F) |Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)5 \- v5 }9 O8 ~
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：- n, e' S- _( X- f( U, X
2 |5 ]8 r% B* aUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的 @" h+ M! i& F: A& K8 @1 @) |9 g. \4 E
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
% X( F" M6 x f1 JUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
. m2 h D& J7 C* D. A/ K: s+ Q2 @Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
) _ Q8 [9 X- rNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面
$ }. l' z7 s& U+ F9 k3 rMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
% ^$ q9 x5 U9 R* ^& a6 ?5 yAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
9 ?, @7 _+ f% w0 ]% }+ R9 ]National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校2 D& g3 Y t! m. B. E- o$ Y# A/ n
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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' A- `: _3 P' t3 }! D! O各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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& q0 Y. S) j% I+ X% W l" H绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
