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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 9 g1 ]* {: [& [/ t' P
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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5 \% o+ i' s' n3 j8 A8 T* I军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：) S1 i+ P0 `% o- S
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）3 x6 N8 y5 _! V: l$ H$ w
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）/ t- b$ h& j7 T' v6 C0 r
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）' @) S9 _4 ^2 n5 O# ? f, V
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）7 a+ \& J( q9 v$ J3 o
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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1 w$ Y1 g' T$ t高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：5 o+ @% t$ v; T) w) a
7 [% v. o% H2 V! j$ U! P$ `4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放' h9 [- d3 D D# U' ]. C* Q
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)% F# z7 ^& O( v& H" |. U$ H. }
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
) \, ~$ e$ B; DUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)1 x6 u7 u; e" h5 g/ Q) P
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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! _4 ?. I, ~3 _6 l1个只收ROTC学生
. X$ V( I& n* u, f/ O. oVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生2 t" a, V! O* {6 A: y5 B2 I, Q
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1个军民兼收的私立5 f) g9 s! u0 o
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：8 A1 ]( ?& z3 J, M8 h% H0 {
1 m+ }( X; j& G; C7 f; rCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
/ e1 \3 m( E: RGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
/ Q0 J+ n; K6 q8 x$ P: ?4 SMaine Maritime Academy4 k \4 a9 c/ W6 K7 i, G; k7 ]+ ]
Massachusetts Maritime Academy1 h7 {4 v0 a: S8 h3 s( ` q
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)) f0 |& z0 H4 F) _7 [. R
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：0 U6 \$ ^% ^( U0 ]5 S1 S
; h' l. ?* c5 a9 DGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
7 V# u' l9 M0 X$ y3 }+ BMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama) I n) R" k% Q# Q
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)8 M" z9 H9 b( W$ V% z
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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" l9 M1 Q9 R' mAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational); x+ K4 A: T5 c1 `2 B
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)0 Q) A# p6 |7 i4 K* j& s
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
8 \0 F' l) y5 d" c+ E( SBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
0 e* }3 `6 S/ T" ]( D* _" T5 {Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
2 `: d' U+ }& `. FChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
7 g$ N( q# T( L8 P4 n7 zCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
! X$ c0 w) b. Q y0 S) KFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
" o# F. Z+ c( w+ ~+ v9 M* GFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
% \* o/ \7 m r& v6 m" wFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
( q" S3 H# f" p2 VHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)3 g4 \2 w8 ^0 `. x+ ]
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
) s+ p" h$ C+ b" q0 tLa Salle Institute (Troy, New York)- m+ N9 o8 M5 _& n, n" @9 c2 S
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational) w; v7 y" F% U7 w
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)/ s" h8 |1 ] K- g+ b% L4 {3 {
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)9 }& z% F* n" f: l, J* o: _
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational). d L2 f! U* `+ e; F2 B& E" g7 c
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
$ x# }3 d6 a. o5 U4 B" UNew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
/ B/ r+ ]# I. T7 L! ~4 g2 h7 ENorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)/ w/ {" k( s, q) U( S
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
8 w' O, S0 b9 a8 n, a" QRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
% u. [5 f& x, s/ t; cRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)2 |0 D1 a# L2 ]6 S& N
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)! M/ n1 v- \) V+ g2 J: G' s6 @" M
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
& `. B7 x3 ? O7 oSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
$ k7 n- `) @2 z vSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
& S# V# _5 ~* L. FSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
5 W5 g$ v4 ?0 A; g. U: Q2 RSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
; [' B6 @$ L# p" @! k6 ]* qSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
; q) z C4 G5 k* [6 dTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
' A9 Q8 J2 b( r1 fValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)' J: m! C" Y/ U* ?$ [. m) `* K. ?
" \, I j1 G3 d# }更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：) T4 m: [! o v! A3 c
, J1 `4 j5 d) ]Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)3 s ]9 a: N& m- v' p+ t, ~4 ~
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
4 N# z0 [+ k: E; SCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
8 z* H- k1 Q4 T; v3 |' [Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)8 u- m/ l. h8 r' d! @3 x
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)! p# P2 Q- C g" ?' @; E; l
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
* S& r# O' K) j1 X: m; O" c0 z% w$ BFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
1 k. U" v c, k4 D. a- w0 M; OFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
A2 C" f2 S" S' C+ H( O- ?* pGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
/ z/ U v" Q& j" C5 C T" K! eHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
% J) P1 j; a) XKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
- B2 v# e* C: V: T: E7 [/ E9 cMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
7 a1 ^: }8 f$ o% t& oMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)* f0 I* k( z# R7 X6 f3 {" [
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
" l* }/ k3 ` G3 ]$ G7 UNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana). B6 ^3 l* L3 m$ {2 y- c
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
; ^" l3 t2 d0 X' f& mPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
( G& ?6 Q' w* F6 k1 E" `Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
5 K0 o) m% n5 B7 Y' MRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois): B" }/ X( l! m$ N! d
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
0 t Z3 [5 D+ a, {1 o' I7 LSummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
1 _7 {; b( |% |: j0 kUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)6 Y& K! a0 s2 T6 E8 J: K, T5 `- F
& E7 [4 \3 |7 [! C" l' E在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：$ ]9 C; O! |9 Y8 l/ U1 w8 @/ i
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
$ I! x/ x6 `% C2 h% zUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
@. _; |% ~/ N5 h: X6 @9 MUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
* ], J; `8 t5 K; S: rNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff7 M0 O9 Z4 u8 u8 ^) k+ j: P. B
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面9 v' ~$ ~" \6 B0 H$ d5 w
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
+ W7 Q% B5 \9 p1 I* @* BAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
0 M6 z% u7 [0 z/ j% ~8 z( T3 rNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校/ g O- D1 w/ _+ p) h8 p; e
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校5 [+ f5 @; w" m8 Y9 ^! D
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。2 v+ b4 e% l0 e# l! b; _
9 O. k+ U, |$ Z& ^' A8 o. j- k& n% g绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
