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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 $ _: n7 z4 V7 g) |, c1 q
- k& i# L" N; @4 a- v" G% Q军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。" C* l- n% l o8 G. i% b5 Q5 I9 d
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军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外:! ?" x& j) |- i2 \. L' f& H! k
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United States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远)
/ f& \' X( H0 h3 a0 k1 |, ]( ?United States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)
2 s7 L0 `1 Q& q6 `, ^United States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉)0 c; }: X# y1 D# R" ^
United States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦)
3 [6 s1 O4 N. }, uUnited States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)
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高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:
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/ H( Y4 V. z' r# ~4 D; V3 `4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放
( Y; @3 s0 c/ B) T, ~" M$ b9 l5 bThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
1 O$ w. ` Z& ]# c1 A3 \) uTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)( k M0 P- e* C& e" L* P
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
, O6 Y% |/ t9 |! k1 jVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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' i3 S5 s* a. v' _/ C: L1个只收ROTC学生# U$ `! ?$ ?" g6 L6 ^
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生9 L/ s8 C+ G) g0 c0 U, ~8 s! h
/ Y6 V) b2 O- ]- d1个军民兼收的私立
3 @) P7 Q5 m4 @1 S6 a1 f* s% nNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)/ c; s# D3 g5 i1 Y! y+ H) ^8 }
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州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
; ?4 R! `' \* m6 N( m0 _% t: LGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)+ f' h3 K7 J7 q
Maine Maritime Academy
! ?4 V! d" F6 H x- ~Massachusetts Maritime Academy; H8 i2 R; H# b* y& C$ p
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
1 g2 @9 T+ \0 K8 |, i4 o2 UTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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. b' c- T: @6 d, o' K0 b# @军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:( y* V3 V2 l! L ^
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)( \% i Q7 t" z7 C3 w' l5 k+ p) ]
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
2 [5 N4 h$ ~ i+ {- U0 ONew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico) @1 _/ r+ \* S* y/ a1 I( e3 V& w
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
+ O2 U7 r8 c5 Z( V3 d% CAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)+ [% c9 a* x$ {% \5 T6 z9 j
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)* E" O S0 u, _5 `9 u
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)$ q5 k& @0 L/ s2 T2 Q1 k/ z3 W% z
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)2 A) w! I+ K" q3 z* Q
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)& `; e/ e6 d! a# B4 r. \
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)" n6 u& p7 [! Q" A8 m
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)% N$ Y6 ]- |! T6 a/ h& {3 u& B
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
/ A+ ?4 K( P. m6 r9 m$ IFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)* x! ^. f/ |' [4 V' c
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
* N* D8 W# i, |1 ^Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
7 m# Z' u( W. [La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)1 }3 n, k8 n- [
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
1 T5 o" e! w" ~Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
: q3 R& s3 U' d: b- `' wMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)+ U1 \# y1 D* y$ n: S1 ~
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
2 m/ {1 e, u5 C7 o: F9 n1 t" BMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
. ?* F l( M1 D1 I$ I5 {6 b& LNew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational). M' g9 p$ u( [6 _
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)$ E. q$ Q% x% c5 p! @" O o
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)! Z- H0 `4 n3 ?/ W. Z; @) H
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)8 A/ U& H8 j3 Q: c5 z/ q
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia), T' r$ ?3 w/ Y l5 s4 ?! |2 h" S6 {
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)+ |4 P! E; W3 w" W/ j
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)' L2 f; k( C4 _, _
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)! r' C/ A2 u x: A
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)! I2 t3 a/ C7 m: Y3 K- N: V
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas); y6 A3 X$ H( I3 q A3 p
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)3 U4 D3 l3 z. Q, \: |0 T
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)" l) C: X, y& V8 [( k$ }$ ~
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
7 J. d: q; Y- w' |! x( f2 ?. IValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania), l' m9 }" Z% B. U
3 F! `: D4 f5 U$ b/ o4 G4 N F更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:0 U; ?1 m |# V8 m! g! w( o
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
! G5 b; n/ W: a+ I9 z) y( rBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
& L) b" L8 `& ?8 C( GCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% o/ o6 ?) E" ]
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)' | a5 r! } e1 u
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
/ S$ Z: m, u/ ?. a1 }- \Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)8 i& { T8 F) u) z) T
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
& k0 s0 ]$ [6 f; x" CFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
3 \6 L9 R; B: h" H" Z) w/ g" h9 {Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
F, o! E8 ~% G+ N eHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
1 d2 K8 {. h! r G2 U$ tKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
- ~; b! R. V1 Q H1 y8 g: {Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
5 L" f/ T* C7 `; LMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
$ u5 n; A& ~4 ?7 P. c6 uNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
( E b$ [. f7 E, c7 ^4 CNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)* g, w4 Q. `: E
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
# A. m& b; K D2 m& VPhiladelphia Military Academy[3], [, o6 }. a: t1 q5 }+ s
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' V' Y* V% R5 F! N1 F5 S6 R" {Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
. d! { K/ O- n" y1 p) iSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
4 z: ?/ _ E% gSummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
3 \; |8 |2 ~- u! Z# x8 RUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:: w: A2 k# x2 Y$ D
! [ D! t" G+ [. K/ E" s; eUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的
9 m2 q8 ~! U2 g. v* dUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校4 }( e) P. x" S. M
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)& g7 g7 E+ `' E% J4 \9 J* s, ~' |) ^
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff6 U3 P, }& M. o
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面. U, f% e# D7 F. M- q' y
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
# |: f+ y8 j5 d! b& d- ]- J( S+ `% ~Air University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技
- r' C2 F; j$ q7 JNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校
$ j9 S% y E& L6 l1 w) S+ `Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校' x7 M4 ?' T& C V/ |4 o. s
0 G/ i% w* j( D! q1 B; k4 j各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。( s* Q7 h6 i3 l! T/ \( y2 G
8 o8 L5 u3 z9 i. r" {* G绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
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