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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 3 Y7 p0 p; D! T$ [! e
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。0 V& a5 H8 N1 p/ A6 z4 G
K4 \/ w+ Q! e% X5 ]3 M军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外:* l2 G1 Z! M8 i& ]' B9 A
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United States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远)5 D& E( o# |) t
United States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)
! Y+ R$ M' d/ y+ f7 K1 |United States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉) J7 Q4 [9 d( X1 Z
United States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦)
% ^. o9 E' K8 s0 l+ r. ~United States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)
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d/ l0 G- G- c3 T# s, O高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:2 ~1 j+ r A$ f$ I/ x0 T8 W
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放
) K, A' f8 }5 F: MThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
6 i! H0 p( t; w, [) E+ NTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
+ r+ L" ?0 S- e: V4 BUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)" `! N! [: m. ^! k; J- R# c0 R6 c
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)0 U, T) D) u( T- r) C4 i
" \5 u8 e* I6 c5 T6 ]1个只收ROTC学生
- A# N% {& m/ @; C. {0 {Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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( q2 v; e. e& B8 u$ l+ {; v9 D1个军民兼收的私立8 A9 B; L' \+ p3 Q8 z' G) L
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university). I, b0 }) L2 G
; q9 {% T- ?6 C州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:4 z" W% E+ K6 c: h; H5 n9 z& S
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)! {2 Z4 Q* t2 S0 @8 `% f
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
! N: X3 ?1 L: O6 B* M, S* ^( j5 gMaine Maritime Academy' P1 T9 ?1 y) h# _5 G
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
& {; ]' a, m' DState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)* X2 |$ I! q! l; S# Y, g
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System), \0 C' {7 a0 r' n! J
+ Y; I# B+ V6 B军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:; B" X6 w3 Q$ m* p& t g
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
! W2 D1 ]/ `- ?, S+ h5 q3 PMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
9 j# S- O9 y9 j8 K( h8 G! oNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
2 j; S. p3 t, A' `' \, z6 l( ?& CValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)/ a8 s2 H1 J. q/ p( z$ l& d: G
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还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:9 T- s4 r9 N+ x$ m$ G
9 |* r! Q3 B' l2 u" o" }Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
* |5 Z: D: [" D, SAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
* ?3 v% x' W, d: aArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
* {/ Y q4 O! L3 qBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)) R3 k3 Q5 z8 R9 M$ G* E8 x7 [
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)/ w( n8 `3 I$ V' X0 O
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)# n1 S S. {- e) ^$ Y
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
% b3 w7 n9 X* b1 bFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
1 w" L6 I0 a( M9 A* zFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
! S$ L' E( o7 {5 o6 YFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)) w; A5 d% F" a
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)+ Z# I9 {6 F) o/ R! n( E* M
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
- \, \2 O+ h6 j, D! HLa Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
7 }) K1 {+ Q' z8 e7 w! I/ f# hLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)) p8 y3 y" h6 G/ Q3 S$ w' T' c
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama), a+ ]2 i, M5 a& M% X: Z
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)" z8 M9 z0 R# q' U5 j
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
4 v5 J1 _- R9 Q% @8 S& VMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri); Q8 L. C3 `& r2 O
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
& }) t7 L' M6 CNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational), J/ x" ?$ d/ z: E) G+ s
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational). F" h2 m6 B( v0 g
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)3 U- }- w, W- V2 i
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)5 v8 n: p5 \9 [* E! I* ]; G# P* Z
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
0 }- d6 y4 h2 E& O4 LSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
& p4 [4 f) m3 k/ [& o& RSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)8 u z% \! Y$ i6 w! b5 r
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)$ J' W# Y% V' ~
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas). @0 }5 j% G% G
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
4 `- \/ z, Z+ J$ ?* T$ iSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
/ x9 ?* \8 d- }6 f$ P' NTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2] l- ^/ T7 w- |
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)2 m5 E* r1 c5 A& Y8 v/ f4 F& j8 i
$ ]/ Q a" d+ j- i更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:# G1 Y0 o% H# W2 J8 f S5 g
. T1 V. C" D3 OAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
- J9 @1 f& r/ OBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)5 F9 L+ \8 N# S, R7 L
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)5 o; _' k, `! L( M: Y
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)2 n- i- [) e: W$ ~- a% J
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)* ?" \: p! h: Q3 Z! y' S- e
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)6 b/ c$ K+ u. L; N
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
) _+ R: P. A% HFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
: o! V* e+ l( i, n5 ^4 D0 fGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)8 b- N4 Q( z' K9 u+ `$ f" y
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
' p) U2 j/ N0 X* e8 QKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
+ U# y* l9 j; D: t, `Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
5 g& a( q8 y5 b V0 dMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)8 o; Y5 E5 B% R$ @% Q
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
& J( p4 [% a8 p* X& |$ lNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
3 `9 U* Z+ O4 n/ T0 z/ gOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)0 ?2 b/ J* k: Z' A9 e* B# A
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
E' R: q6 P/ Q5 ]5 m+ ^Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)! k8 J4 { o. O) T/ q R& i: c- |
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)- |" [ V0 C) J
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)1 D# e* r4 g7 n0 w+ u, b
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
+ l0 I2 u5 }5 g0 \: LUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)- W3 n, g0 F7 c% Q* G9 i( o9 S
$ j) U+ \/ G9 ?6 v! p在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的
' k, s' ]1 q( o) o# G$ IUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校8 B0 H# G# b1 c6 @
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)" w& R: J5 v/ w i1 m
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff
/ A0 U( f4 d! W) S& I: QNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面0 G; D2 ?& N6 t! \( H
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
) k8 K7 C, [) Q1 M7 NAir University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技
- X7 b8 v$ t9 X- b, sNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校" I' }* L0 J6 i( r' v, H
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校; [. q2 B% P7 M0 V( S
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各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。4 \0 T9 T4 T6 s# M0 `1 Z. Y
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绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
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