日志
历史夹缝中的英雄
热度 16 |
2021-6-11
看薛君度的《黄兴和中国革命》第八章，共和国的成立。知道大清国的灭亡，是因为军人的积极参与。其中有那么两段文字，提到了同一个人物：武昌起义时的大清国北洋陆军第六镇统制吴禄贞（Wu Lu-chen）。
- On October 29 the situation in the North took a drastic turn. On the day the officers of the officers of the Twentieth Division stationed at Luanchow (half way between Mukden and Peking), headed by Chang Shao-tseng and Lan Tien-wei, divisiopn and bridgade conmanders respectively, cable the Peking government demanding a constitutional monarchy within a year. It was said that these officers and Wu Lu-chen, the conmanader of the Sixth Division had plotted to size Peking if their demands met with refusal. This news struck the Court like a bolt of lightning and probably had much to do with Yuan's immediate departure for the front. On the same day Shansi seceded from the Empire. Peking was thus threatened on both flanks, and for a moment the Court considered fleeing.
- On November 1 Yuan was appointed Premier of the Peking government. A few days later Wu Lu-chen, who had just been appointed Governor of Shansi with orders to suppress the revolution in that province, was assassinated. His denth had little effect on the fate of the dynasty, but it had a direct bearing on the destiny of Yuan Shih-kai. For had Wu's alleged plot against the Court been successfully carried out, it would have cut off the powers on which Yuan was drawing to enhance his own position. The death of Wu Lu-chen was a great loss to the Tung Meng Hui, which lacked real influence and military power in the Yellow River region.
不能不说袁大手段高明，弹指之间就能让燕晋联军总司令吴禄贞在石家庄火车站身首异处出师未遂，使得一场顷刻即来的急风暴雨顷刻间烟消云散，让大清皇帝又苟延残喘了好多天，也使袁大在和南方革命党的权力角逐中占据了上风，为后来的洪宪称帝，扫清了障碍。
吴禄贞的结局，使人想起东汉末年的司徒王允和车骑将军董承，都属于历史夹缝中的英雄。只不过王司徒使用反间计杀了权臣董卓，还算是推动并影响了历史发展的进程，而董承和吴禄贞则都因为作事不密能力有限，偏偏又分别遇上了搁在中国历史大天平上谋略都算超一流选手的曹操和袁世凯，就白白地错过了稍纵即逝的历史机遇，并反遭毒手。
- 允少好大节，有志于立功，常习诵经传，朝夕试驰射。三公并辟，以司徒高第为侍御史。及帝崩，乃奔丧京师。时大将军何进欲诛宦官，召允与谋事。献帝即位，拜太仆，再迁守尚书令。允见卓祸毒方深，篡逆已兆，密与司隶校尉黄琬、尚书郑公业等谋共诛之。乃上护羌校尉杨瓒行左将军事，执金吾士孙瑞为南阳太守，并将兵出武关道，以讨袁术为名，实欲分路征卓，而后拔天子还洛阳。卓疑而留之，允乃潜结卓将吕布，使为内应。会卓入贺，吕布因刺杀之。允性刚棱疾恶，初惧董卓豺狼，故折节图之。卓既歼灭，杖正持重，不循权宜之计。卓部曲将李傕、郭汜等先将兵在关东，合谋为乱，攻围长安。城陷，吕布奔走。布驻马招允曰：公可以去乎？允曰：若蒙社稷之灵，上安国家，吾之愿也。如其不获，则奉身以死之。朝廷幼少，恃我而已，临难苟免，吾不忍也。努力谢关东诸公，勤以国家为念。傕乃收允，杀之。
- 自都许之后，权归曹氏，天子总己，百官备员而已。帝忌操专逼，乃密诏董承，使结天下义士共诛之。承遂与刘备同谋，未发，会备出征，承更与偏将军王服、长水校尉种辑、议郎吴硕结谋。事泄，承、服、辑、硕皆为操所诛。
吴禄贞的手下，有一位随军参谋，是老同盟会会员，叫何遂，福建闽侯人，亲历并目睹了这一惨案，并帮助料理了吴禄贞和燕晋联军的后事。
何遂有一个儿子，叫何康，是后来中国的农业部部长。
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