|
|
真或假，对傅苹回忆录的缠斗
DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW
国际先驱论坛报
http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/true-or-false-th
傅苹；一个著名的美籍华裔商人以及最近出版的回忆录《弯曲，但不断裂》的作者；是
否编造了她在1966年至1976年的文化大革命期间的可怕经历，以获得美国公民身份？他
们（指傅苹的故事）帮助她申请政治庇护成为美国人吗？
这是她的批评者，许多和傅苹一样也是美籍华裔所问的问题。他们认为这一指控可以成
立。最近，纽约时报的调查显示：声称遭受迫害孵化了一种移民业务。涉及的律师为客
户作出虚假的政治庇护移民申请。
正如我在这一周“本人发自中国的信”中所说，傅女士被指责在她的回忆录中制造了很
多的东西。她也是一位成功的企业家：美国政府授予她，软件公司Geomagic的创始人（
该公司正在被3D系统收购），“2012年杰出美国选择奖”。
根据美国公民及移民服务局的网站，傅女士是白宫国家咨询委员会，创新与创业板的顾
问，妇女技术全国委员会的成员，
傅女士否认这一指控。虽然她在回忆录中辩解：自己因为大学期间报道杀害女婴，在１
９８４年被“悄悄地驱逐”到美国，但到现在为止，还没有在公开场合解释：她如何成
为了美国。
在“国际先驱论坛报”采访时，她说（显然是第一次提及此事）：保持沉默的原因是试
图保护她的第一任丈夫，一个美国人。此人在她的回忆录中没有提到。她说：举行婚礼
的地方是她所住的加州。
“我有第一次婚姻，这就是我如何得到了绿卡，”她在电话中说。她1986年9月1日结婚
，三年后离婚。到现在为止，她只能保持沉默，因为对她的网上“摸黑”活动，主要是
由那些中国老乡所做。他们指责她说谎，并发展到在生活中对她进行骚扰。她说：“他
们抹黑我的名字，试图在互联网上得到我的女儿名字，并派人到上海包围我的家人，到
南京来骚扰我的邻居。”她说她不明白指控者们原告愤怒的原因。这些人和美国移民当
局接触，质问她的获奖以及她的公民身份；他们还联系3D系统的股东，警告他们（傅苹
）是“骗子”，不要购买Geomagic。她的第二任丈夫，赫伯特•Edelsbrunner（
她已经和他离婚），也收到了众多“充满仇恨的电子邮件”。“我只是不想伤害无辜的
人。”，她说。
如果说“第一次未公开的婚姻”说法有助于平息争议问题，那么还有其他的说法（解释
傅苹故事中的矛盾）。傅苹说：其中有些是她的代笔，洛杉矶的ＭＥＩＭＥＩ福克斯，
夸张或者和她本人沟通不清晰的结果。
在采访中，她主动提出了一个错误的例子：（她的书中？）一个广受诟病的说法是“经
期警察”。当局在实行一胎化政策初期，检查妇女的月经周期，在以确保她没有怀孕。
为了阻止妇女使用他人的卫生巾，他们有时需要使用自己的手指，检查经血。这其实是
福克斯女士的误解，傅女士解释，描绘成使用其他人的手指 - 当然是对一个女人的身
体的侵犯。
福克斯女士“写错了，”她说：“我纠正了三次，但并没有得到纠正。妇女是用自己的
手指来显示经血。没办法，错误已经打印出来了。”
在一般情况下，福克斯女士“可能只做了一些可能导致错误的互联网搜索”，傅女士说。
“错误主要涉及一些用词：‘所有，绝不，任何'，这些词很难让人接受，”傅女士说
：“她（指福克思）不了解中国的情况”。
在她的回忆录的开头，傅女士写道：她刚到美国就碰上一件稀奇古怪的事。她在新墨西
哥州被一个越南裔美国人绑架，并反锁在他的公寓里，被迫照顾他非常年幼且失去母亲
的儿童。阿尔伯克基（被指控绑架事件发生地）警察局的纪录办事处一位女发言人说：
在他们的记录中找不到这样的案例。当被问及此事，傅女士重复说，她没有报案，因为
刚从中国来，害怕所有的警察，“所以我不知道他们如何保持记录，如果没有任何犯罪
指控和记录的话。”
在给我的一个电子邮件中，她承认了一个错误。她在１９７９年大学（当时江苏师范学
院，后来它更名为苏州大学）期间帮助编辑的一个杂志不叫《吴钩》，或“无钩”，而
是《我们这一代》。该杂志被带到北京参加会议，作者来自全国各地。她在电子邮件中
写道： “一个很好的例子，说明每个人的记忆都有错误。”。
但来自中国和美国华裔社会的大规模网上愤怒存在更大的问题。 “二十多年了，我真
的不了解（现在的）中国。我没想到自己写的东西会产生这么大的愤怒，”她说。在过
去的几年中，“随着中国变得更强大了，民族主义观点变得更强大了，”她说，靠“民
间的对话”解决分歧显然更加困难。
True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu’s Memoir
By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW
Did Ping Fu, a prominent Chinese-American businesswoman and author of a
recent memoir, “Bend, not Break,” make up her horrible experiences during
the 1966-76 Cultural Revolution in order to gain United States citizenship?
Did they help her become an American by claiming political asylum?
That’s what her critics, many of them fellow Chinese-Americans, say. It’s
an accusation that can stick. As a recent New York Times investigation
showed, claiming persecution has spawned an immigration industry involving
lawyers prepping clients to make false asylum claims.
As I write in my Letter from China this week, Ms. Fu is being accused of
making up a lot of things in her memoir. She’s also a successful
entrepreneur: the U.S. government honored Ms. Fu, the founder of the
software company Geomagic (in the process of being sold to 3D Systems), with
a “2012 Outstanding American by Choice” award.
Ms. Fu is on the board of the White House’s National Advisory Council on
Innovation and Entrepreneurship, and is a member of the National Council on
Women in Technology, according to the Web site of the U.S. Citizenship and
Immigration Services.
Ms. Fu, who says in her memoir she was “quietly deported” to the U.S. in
1984 for writing about female infanticide while still a college student,
denies the accusations. But until now she hadn’t explained in public how
she became an American.
In an interview with the International Herald Tribune, she said, apparently
for the first time, the reason she kept quiet was she was trying to protect
her first husband, an American, whom she does not mention in her memoir. The
marriage took place while she was living in California, she said.
“I had a first marriage and that’s how I got my green card,” she said by
telephone. She married on Sept. 1, 1986 and divorced three years later.
Until now she had kept silent because of a “smear” campaign against her
online, mostly by fellow Chinese who accuse her of lying, which extended to
real-life harassment, she said: “They smear my name, they try to get my
daughter’s name on the Internet, they sent people to Shanghai to surround
my family and to Nanjing to harass my neighbors.” She said the accusers,
who are “angry” for reasons she doesn’t really understand, contacted U.S.
immigration authorities to challenge her award and her citizenship, as well
as shareholders of 3D Systems to warn them she was a “liar,” and not to
buy Geomagic. Her second husband, Herbert Edelsbrunner, whom she has since
divorced, received many “hate e-mails,” she said. “I just don’t want to
hurt innocent people.”
If a first, unpublicized marriage might lay to rest one contentious issue,
there are others. Some were the result of exaggeration or unclear
communication with her ghostwriter, MeiMei Fox of Los Angeles, she said.
In the interview, she volunteered an example of an error: a widely
criticized account of the ‘‘period police,’’ the authorities who checked
a woman’s menstrual cycle to ensure she wasn’t pregnant in the early days
of the one-child policy. To stop women substituting others’ sanitary pads
for inspection, they were sometimes required to use their own finger to show
blood. Through a misunderstanding with Ms. Fox, Ms. Fu said this was
portrayed as the use of other people’s fingers — an invasion of the woman
’s body.
Ms. Fox “wrote it wrong,’’ she said. ‘‘I corrected it three times but
it didn’t get corrected.’’ Women used their own finger to show blood, she
said, but the mistake went into print anyway.
In general, Ms. Fox may have ‘‘just made some searches on the Internet
that maybe weren’t correct,’’ Ms. Fu said.
Chiefly the errors involved use of the words ‘‘all, never, any,’’ that
generalized unacceptably, Ms. Fu said. And, ‘‘She doesn’t know China’s
geography,’’ she said.
At the beginning of her memoir, Ms. Fu writes of being kidnapped by a
Vietnamese-American on arrival in the U.S. state of New Mexico and locked in
his apartment to care for his very young children, whose mother had left,
in a bizarre incident. A spokeswoman at the Albuquerque Police Department’s
Records Office, where the alleged kidnapping took place, said she could not
locate such an incident in their records. Asked about it, Ms. Fu repeated
that she did not press charges as, fresh from China, she was terrified of
all police, “So I don’t know how they keep records, if there is no
criminal charges or record.”
And in an e-mail to me, she admitted she made mistakes about a magazine she
said she helped edit, called Wugou, or “No Hook,” produced in 1979 by
students at her college, then called the Jiangsu Teacher’s College (later
it changed its name to Suzhou University, she said.) It was not that
magazine but another one, This Generation, that was taken to a meeting in
Beijing of student magazine writers from around the country, she wrote in
the e-mail. “A good case that shows everyone’s memory can be wrong,” she
wrote.
But bigger questions about the scale of the online vitriol from parts of the
Chinese and Chinese-American community remain. “I really haven’t known
China for 20-something years, and it didn’t occur to me that what I wrote
would generate so much anger,” she said. In the last years, “as China got
stronger, nationalistic views got stronger,” she said, making a “civil
conversation” about disagreements apparently harder.
|
|
雷达卡
发表于 2013-2-21 03:57:51
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
楼主