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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 " U% g4 K! X8 t- S% B$ Z' I
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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/ z+ n l8 y1 c4 ]; F9 A军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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' Z3 }' F# A( @* rUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
9 L; D% X' t4 LUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
* a s9 H2 |% R' i4 D7 EUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
" Q- ?) Q- V, |% w9 c5 m! TUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
+ a1 l9 U# C, g$ } V4 rUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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% |8 H: p* v* Z5 Q% T高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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* i/ D& a1 j5 N+ Q1 _& p4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放% s; p3 X7 E2 w/ F. C
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)8 h* o z$ D' J! R' Q9 s0 |" s
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
) g+ y9 M5 a$ ]! {' ?University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
: B4 p; q) y; y2 KVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)8 r+ H$ a* N+ _' E
" }/ L! Z7 j* ~1个只收ROTC学生$ t5 ]6 g- Y; F z2 U
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生8 _' M( x; ~+ n+ G! k& {
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1个军民兼收的私立
0 g+ ?9 _( m) D" cNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)9 `4 b) I, p1 E/ F/ I
, r# ~9 W8 o: U( f( G( u州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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}& N" w4 D$ z" _. M) aCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)% U: ]( F! D. }; C2 P+ F, A
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
- J3 s) ~) W7 C3 h. d4 |9 ^Maine Maritime Academy+ `6 p5 e+ G+ O
Massachusetts Maritime Academy* x: u$ U# Z% _0 F' [
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
' f. O n1 O( H; H1 M# sTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)* h; M- f: x( e# i1 {0 p, q
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：/ P4 c. W% S$ H, `- S
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
# _: s7 X! |& ^* s; LMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama); k e7 u( u; F8 z' [5 _) P# E/ u
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)! r+ S6 r) u2 h
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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2 {( U% m6 q( p6 {" i1 a1 |( d还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：' m2 ^ J7 E5 F# U$ K+ e. y
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)6 p8 @, @4 y' C2 n
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
" O5 K7 E, C3 _. e; @, n; KArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
5 T. _. l: J7 [0 L/ o& n' U% DBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)7 ]3 A" G0 E w! l" `2 O
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
5 R0 n- [8 b4 G' MChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York), a; k! }/ s: X) w, L
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
/ ~+ v; [$ J! P8 K; QFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)% e7 ~" C' [+ S
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)6 }6 B4 J2 T! R* C% B2 n% V5 h
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
' V3 p/ @: z5 WHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)% ]/ F# }0 f. J9 {" E" J
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
( x# y* ~% u2 _La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
1 |: k# K+ z+ _6 Y0 `* ALeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)% q6 Z4 ~( {, r6 g: w
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
1 N+ V6 k; e7 B3 U/ O2 M' |1 `Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
2 J7 m" H# \6 f% j/ I1 d7 z/ h0 XMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational); i3 q# u: [2 b! V% F- J# K
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri); S( M9 v4 y0 \$ F# T
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)6 C4 X6 ?! E6 E" G! B0 C
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)/ X/ h$ a: x; [" j$ Q1 j
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)/ p4 `4 T# f) j0 a! T
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)+ _) u( Z1 ~: C: d, n
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
# Z/ S. e5 ^# U8 MSan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
e4 I$ L8 ^8 f$ x: q# \, pSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)+ C8 r5 E' {6 w8 s
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)* T; }) `- O2 y5 S) V8 s* c% [& q6 v
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)% A& l9 k ~" H& L5 S
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
) o; M: c6 e- {* vSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
/ i+ k8 ?2 z! oSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)# V1 O. \. t" B, p# p7 a
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2] `5 B( l9 b+ J' ?) N
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)% `# M! ]8 U& T2 Y) H1 V- {% g
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：8 ~% F0 O0 K, O# N0 Y6 i6 K
$ S5 x% i% D. k' r6 q( ]" SAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)+ m+ l" `7 C- Z
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut). O3 a! B7 M6 q$ g' R
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
6 ^0 q$ a' M3 @( U1 \& D" e9 Z% |Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois); r$ U! B5 r) b x/ e @( ^" Z, ~
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
2 C: M. f' @- }; a2 F- v, hDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)* k0 `: M5 ?, n& q1 R- J
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
. q4 L/ P1 D: \" x2 `+ U+ d4 E7 `Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
+ s" g* K. U( |( pGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)5 |' q8 h+ I# l0 d3 S
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida) X8 w k; _" f
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3], j+ J4 I6 p5 u- A) w1 j
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
2 p5 c: x8 a/ g' I) ]# dMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' ^( |1 F0 _1 W$ H* L4 ?1 XNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational); f/ I" \8 D6 a
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
9 [+ Q2 c) B& Y0 ]& u, v/ L# ?Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
: J$ {5 ~$ J! O WPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]5 N# X2 `1 _' m& G
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois), C, f5 o7 i; y; G) I
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)* A& C( v5 p# t2 c8 K8 A
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)) S9 j1 p9 A, e B) i3 Q0 E6 u9 r2 p
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)7 [# \- \/ m" I7 z- V
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)" z7 V- F9 j, Y9 _6 e$ x7 n9 o
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院： {% q6 X2 Z# L* n( {6 W
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的1 G$ P0 b3 a5 y/ x
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
' p1 ]# |! V0 g5 n4 i- gUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama); F# }' k0 d4 `0 ]5 a! H. o! E
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff. p3 S8 j3 p3 p" ?- ^& Y
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面2 N+ P; `8 T( c8 e; W- B7 i( K @$ z) Q
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
. |, O, n* Q- R: o0 {$ r r2 e: `Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技' j6 ?; N+ j0 D& b. x
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
2 q3 E% P ]: J: aMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校- M, L. i1 x+ m
1 X; L9 V: e+ ?' [, o* r9 Y, z各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。) E+ ]+ d. i5 {7 z! ]
0 H; _! k8 ]& q% e1 U1 P绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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